Thursday, August 7, 2014
Aminosol IV
Aminosol IV
Composition:
Each 100ml solution contains
i) Active Ingredients: L-Isoleucine USP 352 mg, L-Leucine USP 490 mg, L-Lysine
Hydrochloride USP 430 mg, L-Methionine USP 225 mg, L-Phenylalanine USP 533 mg,
L-Threonine USP 250 mg, L-Tryptophan USP 90 mg, L-Valine USP 360 mg, L-Arginine
Hydrochloride USP 500mg, L-Histidine Hydrochloride Monohydrate USP 250 mg,
L-Aspartic Acid USP 250 mg, L-Glutamic Acid USP 75mg, L-Alanine USP 200 mg,
L-Cystine USP 10mg, Glycine USP 760mg,L- Proline USP 100 mg, L-Serine USP 100
mg, L-Tyrosine USP 25 mg ii) Excipients: D-Sorbitol BP 5.0 g, Sodium Chloride
BP 234mg, Potassium Acetate BP 245mg, Magnesium Chloride Hexahydrate 51mg.
Description:
Aminosol IV is a sterile,
nonpyrogenic amino acid solution. It is consisting of 18 essential &
non-essential amino acids with D-Sorbitol & major electrolytes needed for
human body. Aminosol IV helps to preserve protein and reduce catabolism in
stress conditions where oral intake is inadequate. Each Litre of solution
provides 371.14 Kcal of energy & 7.2g of nitrogen.
Indications:
Aminosol IV Infusion is
indicated in the compensation of nitrogen loss in the following conditions,
such as • Prophylaxis and therapy for protein deficiency • Burns •Trauma •
Parenteral nutrition for pre & post operative support • Cancer • HIV
infection • Sepsis • Impossible oral feeding and • G.I. Tract disorders: short
gut syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, tumors, pancreatitis, fistula,
ulcerative colitis etc.
Dosage
And Administration:
Aminosol IV should be given
at the rate of 30 to 60 drops /minutes
intravenously once or several
times daily depending on age, body weight & condition of the patient. The
recommended intravenous dose for adults is 20ml to 34ml/kg body weight &
children is 28ml to 35ml/kg body weight is generally sufficient to satisfy
protein needs and promote positive nitrogen balance.
Use
in Pregnancy & Lactation :
It is not known whether amino
acid solution can cause fetal harm when
administered to a pregnant
woman. Amino Acid solution should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly
needed. Caution should be exercised when Amino Acid Solution is administered to
a nursing woman.
Side-effects
:
Amino acid solution is
usually well tolerated. Local hypersensitive reactions like- erythema, phlebitis
and thrombosis of the chosen vein is always a possibility with intravenous
infusion. If infusion is protracted, then another vein should be selected after
12-24 hours. Fever and nausea also have been reported during peripheral
infusions of amino acid solutions.
Contra-indications:
This preparation should not
be used in patients with hepatic coma or metabolic
disorders involving impaired
nitrogen utilization.
Precaution:
Intravenous infusion of amino
acid solution may induce a rise in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), especially in
patients with impaired hepatic or renal function. Appropriate laboratory tests
should be performed periodically and infusion discontinued if BUN levels exceed
normal prandial limits and continue to rise. Care should be taken to avoid
excess fluid accumulation, particularly in patients with renal disease,
pulmonary insufficiency and heart disease.
Warnings:
To avoid unwanted health
hazard, check the bottle against light before administration. Use sterile,
non-pyrogenic Infusion Set. Not to be used if any turbidity observed in the
solution or any particle(s)found in the bottle. Discard any unused portion.
Presentation:
Aminosol IV is supplied in
500 ml glass bottle
Storage:
Store between 15oC to 25oC
temperature in a dry place, protect from light. Keep out of the reach of
Children.
Friday, August 1, 2014
Sodium Hypochlorite
Sodium
Hypochlorite
Composition :
Each ml of solution contains Sodium
Hypochlorite 5mg.
Description :
Sodium Hypochlorite Solution is a
disinfectant with arapid potent anti-microbial action. It is used to eliminate
microorganisms from drinking water. Chlorine is one of the most effective
chemicals for the control of water–borne disease.
Mode of Action :
Sodium Hypochlorite forms Sodium
Hydroxide and Hypochlorous acid in Solution, where HOCl acts as the active
biocidal agent. HOCl easily diffuse through the cell walls of microorganisms due
to their neutral charge and small size. HOCl then react with the enzyme
Glyceraldehyde- 3- phosphate dehydrogenase. This effectively
destroys the microorganism’s ability to
function.
Indications :
Clotech-D is used to make drinking
water safe. Dosage and Administration : In case of tap water- add 8 drops in
one
liter of water and in case of river/
pond water- add 16 drops in one liter of water, wait 30 minutes and then drink.
Side effects : Sodium Hypochlorite may
causes irritation and corrosion of mucous membranes with pain and vomiting,
oedema of the pharynx and larynx and rarely perforation of the oesophagus and
stomach.
Contra-indications :
Sodium Hypochlorite is contra-indicated
in eye, ear or nose.
Presentation :
Clotech-D drops are supplied in 10 ml
polyethylene bottle.
Storage :
Store at controlled
room temperature in dry place. Keep out of the reach of childrenTropicamide BP
Tropicamide
BP
Composition:
Each ml of Solution contains
Tropicamide BP 8mg & Phenylephrine Hydrochloride BP 50 mg.
Description:
Tropicamide Plus are the combination
of Tropicamide & Phenylephrine. Tropicamide is an anti-cholinergic drug
having mydriatic and some cycloplegic action and Phenylephrine is a α1
adrenergic receptor agonist used primarily as an agent to dilate the pupil.
Tropicamide Plus has a rapid onset of action and a short duration of effect.
Tropicamide plus eye drops are excellent to dilate the pupil for examination of
the fundus of the eye. It is also used before and after surgical procedure of
the eye.
Indications:
Tropicamide Plus eye drops are
indicated for –• Examination of fundus • Retinal Photography • Cycloplegic
Refraction. • Prior to Ocular Surgery. • As an adjunct in the treatment of
anterior uveitis
Dosage
and Administration:
Instill 1-2 drops into the eye 15-30 minutes
prior to procedure or as directed by the physician.
Side
effects:
On topical application there may be
transient burning or stinging sensation and lacrimation. Blurred Vision,
photophobia and allergic reactions may occur.
Precaution:
After applying this medicine to the
eyes, pupils will become unusually large. It causes eyes to become more
sensitive to light. So, wear sunglasses to go out during the day time, even on
cloudy days.
Contra-indications:
Tropicamide Plus Eye Drops are contra-indicated
in patients with known hypersensitivity to any of its component
Presentation:
Tropicamide Plus Eye Drops are
supplied in 5 ml Polyethylene bottle.
Storage:
Thursday, July 31, 2014
Xylometazoline
Xylometazoline
Composition
:
Each ml of solution contains
Xylometazoline Hydrochloride BP 1 mg or 0.5 mg.
Description
:
Xylometazoline is a nasal
decongestant that is directly dosed into the nose as drops. The drug works by
constricting the blood vessel in the nose. The vasoconstriction means that
there is less pressure in the capillaries and less water can filter out. So,
less discharge is made.
Indications
:
It is indicated for the temporary
relief of nasal congestion or stuffiness in the nose due to • cold • hay fever
• sinusitis • other upper respiratory allergies.
Dosage
and Administration :
Adults and Children (12 years of age
and older) –Use 2 to 3 drops of 0.1% solution in each nostril every 8 to 10
hours as needed. Children (2 to 12 years of age)- use 2 to 3 drops of 0.05%
solution in each nostril every 8 to 10 hours as needed.
Side
effects :
Side effect may occur that usually do
not need medical attention. These side effects may go away during treatment as
the body adjusts to the medicine. However, consult with the physician if any of
the following side effects continue i.e. burning, dryness or stinging inside
the nose & sneezing.
Contra-indications
:
Hypersensitivity to any component of
the formulation. It should not be used for people with high blood pressure or
other heart problems.
Precaution
:
Do not use it more often. To do so
may make stuffy nose worse (rebound congestion) and the vessels become
resistant or the number of receptors decrease or degenerative changes in nasal
mucous membranes may occur.
Presentation
:
Xylometazoline 0.05% & 0.1% nasal
drops are supplied in 10 ml polyethylene bottle.
Storage
:
Monday, July 7, 2014
Nitroglycerin
Indication:
Indicated
for the acute relief of an attack or acute prophylaxis of angina pectoris due
to coronary artery disease.
Dosage and Administration:
One tablet
should be dissolved under the tongue at the first sign of an acute anginal
attack. The dose may be repeated approximately every five minutes, until relief
is obtained. If the pain persists after a total of 3 tablets in a 15-minute
period, prompt medical attention is recommended. Injection: The usual dose
range is 10 -200 mcg/min. Dose up to 400 mcg/min may be required during some
surgical procedures.
Contraindication & Precaution:
Contraindicated
in patients with early myocardial infarction, severe anemia, increased
intracranial pressure and those with a known hypersensitivity to Nitroglycerin.
Also contraindicated in patients who are using sildenafil citrate since
sildenafil citrate has been shown to potentiate the hypotensive Effects of
organic nitrates. Only the smallest dose required for Effective control of the
acute angina attack should be used. Excessive use may lead to the development
of tolerance. This drug should be used with caution in patients who may be
volume-depleted or are already hypotensive.
Drug Interaction:
Antihypertensive
drugs, beta-adrenergic blockers, phenothiazines, calcium channel blockers,
alcohol, aspirin, ergotamine and related drugs.
Side Effect:
Headache
which may be severe and
persistent may occur immediately after use. Vertigo, dizziness, weakness, palpitation
and other manifestations of postural hypotension may developoccasionally.
Use in
Pregnancy & Lactation:
Should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed. It is
not known whethernitroglycerin is excreted in human milk.
Preparation:
0.5 mg Sublingual Tablet, 5 mg/ ml IV Injection, 2.6 mg SR
(Sustained Release) Tablet.
Paracetamol
Indication:
Fever,
headache, toothache, earache, bodyache, myalgia, dysmenorrhoea, neuralgia and
sprains. Pain of colic, back pain, chronic pain of cancer, inflammatory pain,
and post-vaccination pain and fever of children. Rheumatism and osteoarthritic
pain & stiffness of joints in fingers, hips, knees, wrists, elbows, feet, ankles
and top & bottom of the spine.
Dosage &
Administration:
Tablet: Adult 1-2 tablets every 4 to 6 hours up to a
maximum of 4 g (8 tablets) daily. Children (6-12 years) 1/2 to 1 tablet 3 to 4
times daily. XR
Tablet: 2 tablet every 6 to 8 hourly upto a maximum of 6 tablets daily. Syrup and Suspension: Children
Under 3 months: 10 mg/kg body weight (reduce to 5 mg/kg if
jaundiced) 3
to 4 times daily. 3 months to below 1 year : 1/2 to 1 teaspoonful 3 to 4 times
daily. 1-5 years: 1-2 teaspoonful 3 to 4 times daily. 6-12 years : 2-4
teaspoonful 3 to 4 times daily. Adults 4-8 teaspoonful 3 to 4 times daily. Paediatric Drop: Children
upto 3 months: 0.5 ml (40 mg) 4 to 11 months:
1.0 ml (80
mg). 1 to 2 years: 1.5 ml (120 mg) Dose can be repeated, every 4 hours.
Suppository: Suppository
should be administered rectaly. Children 3 months -
1 year :
60-120 mg 4 times daily. Children below 5 years : 125-250 mg, 4 times daily. Children
6-12 years : 250-500 mg, 4 times daily. Adults and children over 12 years : 0.5
- 1 mg, 4 times daily.
Contraindication
& Precaution:
Known sensitivity to paracetamol.
Side Effect:
Side Effects
are significantly mild, though haematological reactions
have been
reported. Pancreatitis, skin rashes, and other allergic reactions occur
alcoholics or
in patients taking other antiepilectic medications.
Precaution:
Should be given cautiously in the
following cases: In patients with hepatic or renal failure, in patients taking other
hepatotoxic medication. Prolonged
use of the
drug without consulting a physician should be avoided.
Preparation:
Paracetamol
500 mg & Caffeine 65 mg.